A resiliência psicológica e as práticas de autocuidado relacionadas à promoção da saúde e prevenção de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis em mulheres em atendimento ambulatorial / Psychological resilience and self-care practices related to health promotion and prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases in women in outpatient care

As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis mais prevalentes no mundo são as doenças cardiovasculares, diabetes mellitus, alguns tipos de câncer e doenças respiratórias crônicas. Juntas essas condições foram responsáveis por mais da metade das mortes ocorridas no mundo e no Brasil e constituem o principal problema de saúde. As práticas de autocuidado com a saúde têm sido apontadas como a parte que cabe ao paciente nas estratégias de promoção da saúde. Alguns estudos vêm abordando a resiliência como um importante indicador para a realização de práticas saudáveis de autocuidado, estando associada à autonomia e às habilidades para a autogestão da saúde. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a associação entre a resiliência psicológica e o autocuidado com a saúde em mulheres adultas. O estudo foi realizado com 159 pacientes dos ambulatórios de ginecologia do Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Foi utilizada a versão brasileira da Escala de Resiliência de Wagnild & Young e um questionário adaptado do Inquérito Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico. O principal resultado foi importância do contexto familiar para os níveis de resiliência, principalmente para mulheres que têm filhos. Não foram encontradas associações significativas entre resiliência e as variáveis de autocuidado. Novas pesquisas deverão ser desenvolvidas para esclarecer as possíveis relação entre resiliência e autocuidado e a importância da informação em saúde para promover mudanças de estilo de vida.

The most prevalent chronic non-communicable diseases in the world are cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, some types of cancer and chronic respiratory diseases. Together, these conditions were responsible for more than half of the deaths in the world and in Brazil, they constitute the main health problem. Health self-care practices have been identified as the patient's part in health promotion strategies. Some studies have approached resilience as an important indicator for healthy self-care practices, being associated with autonomy and skills for self-management of health. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between psychological resilience and self-care with health in adult women. The study was carried out with 159 patients from the gynecology outpatient clinics of the Fernandes Figueira National Institute of Women's, Children and Adolescents' Health of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation. The Brazilian version of the Wagnild & Young Resilience Scale and a questionnaire adapted from the Surveillance of Risk and Protection Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey were used. The main result was the importance of the family context for resilience levels, especially for women who have children. No significant associations were found between resilience and self-care variables. New research should be developed to clarify the possible relationship between resilience and self-care and the importance of health information to promote lifestyle changes.

Depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation and female climacteric: a narrative review

Climacteric is the period in a woman's life cycle that involves perimenopause, menopause and postmenopause. It represents the end of the reproductive period and the beginning of female aging in the biological sense. Over the past 10 years, an emphasis has been placed on the study of mental health in the female climacteric. Studies about the prevalence of depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation and association with different factors have shown important results on the relevance of these disorders during female climacteric. Considering the importance of these findings in the field of public health and epidemiology, we conducted a narrative review aiming to discuss the current knowledge about the prevalence of depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation in the female climacteric, analyzing methods and results in different studies, selected from a literature review between 2009 and 2019, in the PubMed, Lilacs, Embase, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. Our results showed that the methodology, cultural and sociodemographic differences, as well as a variety of biopsychosocial factors studied, generate some uncertainties about the exact relationship between depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation and female climacteric. We conclude that more research, greater methodological rigor, more accurate results and a biopsychosocial view are needed and urgent for effective interventions, cost reduction in mental health care, as well as prevention and control of depression, anxiety and suicide in climacteric.